Added search bar for TMK, address or location name, and latitude/longitude coordinates in decimal degrees. Adapted for display and vulnerability assessment by Tetra Tech, Inc. See also: State of Hawaiʻi, Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR), Flood Hazard Assessment Tool (FHAT). More detailed hydrologic and engineering modeling may be necessary to fully assess passive marine flooding hazards at the scale of individual properties. Based on the model and IPCC RCP8.5 sea level rise scenario, there is an 80% probability that land impacted by erosion would be confined within the exposure zone at that particular time. Projected GMSL rise under different greenhouse gas emissions scenarios from the IPCC AR5 Report. Sea Level Rise – Potential Economic Loss. Assumptions and Limitations: Historical shoreline change data and beach profiles needed to model coastal erosion are available only for sandy shores of Kauaʻi, Oʻahu, and Maui. PacIOOS developed the Hawaiʻi Sea Level Rise Viewer as a companion to support the State of Hawaiʻi Sea Level Rise Vulnerability and Adaptation Report. <> Scenario, SLR Potential Economic Loss – 3.2 Ft. For the purposes of the Viewer, we have highlighted beaches and sand, including dunes and other areas with sandy substrates. As with all models, it is important to understand the methods, assumptions, limitations, and uncertainties of the methods used. Flood Hazard Zones. Sea Level Rise – Coastal Erosion. 3.2 ft The Report was developed by Tetra Tech, Inc. and the State of Hawaiʻi Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR), Office of Conservation and Coastal Lands (OCCL). September 29, 2018, 6:10 AM HST * Updated September 28, 6:23 AM. Accessed [date]. Figure 1. Passive flooding includes areas that are hydrologically connected to the ocean (marine flooding) and low-lying areas that are not hydrologically connected to the ocean (groundwater). SUGGESTED DATA CITATION: Office of Hawaiian Affairs and Hawaiʻi Statewide GIS Program. Maui News Impacts of Sea Level Rise May Be Greater than Estimated. The combined SLR-XA and vulnerability assessment layers were developed for the Report and Viewer by Tetra Tech, Inc. 2017). However, it seems JavaScript is either disabled or not supported by your browser. Therefore, the total potential economic loss figures estimated in the Report and Viewer are likely an underestimate. Data access: Shapefile , ArcGIS REST (layer: “Moku”), WMS (layer: “2”), WFS, metadata. The output of the modeling is the estimated exposure zone to future erosion hazards. Accessed [date]. The plans, developed through the planning departments of each county, are intended to provide vision, guidelines, and implementing policies for each area. The data are also available for download as polygons (exposure areas) below. Created by the Office of Hawaiian Affairs. shortest boat ride (I am prone to sea sickness) arrive at the crater the earliest of all tours so snorkel will be "uninterrupted" for the first hour. Funding for the Viewer development was provided by NOAA through their 2016 Regional Coastal Resilience Grants Program and the DLNR through Act 83, SLH (2014). The methods, assumptions, and limitations are essentially the same as those described above in Passive Flooding. The passive flooding model provides an initial assessment of low-lying areas susceptible to flooding by sea level rise. Each island, or mokupuni, is divided into large districts, or moku (see above). Maui News Study Links Sea Level Rise and Maui Beach Erosion. 2018. Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS®), funded in part by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Award #NA16NOS0120024. Hawai’i Sea Level Rise Viewer. West Maui has been heavily impacted in recent years, Owens said, though sea level rise is a primary factor in changing and degrading most of Hawaii’s shorelines. Wave flooding modeling may be improved in future efforts by employing more complex and data-intensive 2D modeling and through local field experiments. More than 13 miles of beaches have been lost on Kauai, Oahu, and Maui … 2018. The FISs use historic severe wave events from hurricanes, tsunamis, and other significant events to develop the FIRMs. The 1%CFZ-3.2 is modeled as a static rise of the base flood elevation using a fixed shoreline. September 07, 2017 Public Meeting on Sea Level Rise in Kaunakakai, Sept. 12. SUGGESTED CITATION: Sherrod, David R., Sinton, John M., Watkins, Sarah E., and Brunt, Kelly M. 2007. http://planning.hawaii.gov/gis/download-gis-data/. RELATED PUBLICATIONS: Hawaiʻi Sea Level Rise Vulnerability and Adaptation Report; Anderson et al. Zones X500 and X Levee are Non-Special Flood Hazard Areas (NSFHA) and have moderate-to-low flood risk. Data source: Hawaiʻi Office of Planning Statewide GIS Data Program. Misalignment between the TMK parcel boundaries and basemap layers may be visible in some areas. Each island, or mokupuni, is divided into large districts, or moku. Passive flooding was modeled by the Coastal Geology Group at UH SOEST using a modified “bathtub” approach following methods described in Anderson et al. Prepared by the Pacific Islands Ocean Observing System (PacIOOS) for the University of Hawaiʻi Sea Grant College Program and the State of Hawaiʻi Department of Land and Natural Resources, Office of Conservation and Coastal Lands, with funding from National Oceanic and Atmospheric In a high greenhouse gas emissions scenario, which we are currently tracking at or above, sea level rise relative to mean sea level 1986-2005, will reach 0.84 meters (2.76 feet) with a likely range of 0.61–1.10 meters (2.00 ft–3.61 feet) by 2100. Considering the road gains 10,000 feet in only 38 miles, it’s believed to be the world’s steepest route from sea level to 10,000 feet. Traditional ahupuaʻa boundaries extended into the ocean. Schematic diagram showing key inputs and outputs of modeling annual high wave flooding. Assumptions and Limitations: The vulnerability assessment addressed exposure to chronic flooding with sea level rise. The 1%-annual-chance coastal flood zone with 3.2 feet of sea level rise (1%CFZ-3.2) was modeled to estimate coastal flood extents for wave-generating events including tropical storms, hurricanes, tsunamis, and other severe wave events with sea level rise. Updates to page text based on the above. Geologic map of the State of Hawaiʻi: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-1089. http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1089/. The air is cooler up here at the summit — as much as 30°F from sea level — and temperatures dip below freezing in winter with ice and occasional snow. The combined SLR-XA from the 2017 Report was not updated with the updated 2020 erosion models. The Hawaiʻi Sea Level Rise Viewer (Viewer) is intended to provide an online atlas to support the Hawaiʻi Sea Level Rise Vulnerability and Adaptation Report (Report) that was mandated by Act 83, Session Laws of Hawaiʻi (SLH) 2014 and Act 32, SLH 2017. In addition, mapping errors may be found in some areas due to clipping (subsetting) of the original map layers using a shoreline (Special Management Area) boundary and possible modeling errors in the Annual High Wave Flooding model at reef and harbor channels (Figure 5). 1.1 ft Figure 3. The term 100-year flood indicates that the area has a 1% chance of flooding in any given year. base flood or floodplain) are called Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFHA) and are divided into insurance risk zones A, AE, AH, AO, or VE. The Extreme (red) scenario projects 1 meter of GMSL rise in the 2060s and as much as 2.5 meters (8.2 feet) of GMSL rise at 2100. Kapalua Ridge 100 Ridge Rd Unit 2723-24 — MLS # 387698. Potential economic loss was based on the value of the land and structures from the county tax parcel database permanently lost in the SLR-XA for each projected sea level rise height. Data access: Shapefile , ArcGIS REST (layer: “1% Coastal Flood Zone with 3.2 ft Sea Level Rise”), WMS (layer: “14”), WFS, metadata. Data access: Shapefile , ArcGIS REST (layer: “Ahupuaa”), WMS (layer: “1”), WFS, metadata. Extensive shoreline erosion near homes at Mokulēiʻa on Oʻahu ’s north shore. 64064. http://hawaiisealevelriseviewer.org. Accessed [date]. PacIOOS should be acknowledged as follows: Data provided by PacIOOS (www.pacioos.org), which is a part of the U.S. Here are a few tips to make the most of your Haleakala expedition. By 2050, sea-level rise will push average annual coastal floods higher than land now home to 300 million people, according to a study published in Nature Communications. The viewer provides easy access to coastal hazard exposure areas and vulnerability layers. Accessed [date]. 0.5 ft. 2017). It should be noted that for the islands of Lānaʻi, Molokaʻi, and Hawaiʻi, the SLR-XA represents only the passive flooding hazard due to the lack of historical data needed to model the other two hazards. A. These areas may be more susceptible to coastal erosion. Data source: Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and Hawaiʻi Office of Planning Statewide GIS Data Program. Scenario, SLR Coastal Erosion (Line) – 3.2 Ft. Historic land divisions. This land use district map layer serves as a useful guide in determining potential impacts of sea level rise to the various land use classifications within a community. 2012). Maui lands vulnerable to erosion are more than double ... the state Department of Land and Natural Resources determined that lands statewide are increasingly exposed to future sea-level rise. Parcel boundaries from the Hawaiʻi Office of Planning Statewide GIS Data Program were not derived from metes and bounds and are not survey grade data. RELATED PUBLICATIONS: Hawaiʻi Sea Level Rise Vulnerability and Adaptation Report; Anderson et al. However, this seaward extension is not depicted by this layer. endobj Mapping errors may exist in some areas due to clipping (subsetting) at the shoreline and errors from the Annual High Wave Flooding model at reef and harbor channels (example from Kakaʻako, Oʻahu). Figure 2. Changes in shoreline location due to coastal erosion are not included in this modeling. Below is a screenshot only. The Intermediate (light blue) scenario projects 1 meter (3.2 feet) of GMSL rise at 2100. The FIRMs are based on hydraulic modeling of present day flood risk and do not include future increases in flood hazards with sea level rise. For the purposes of the Viewer, we have categorized the geology into beach and dune deposits, marine and lagoon deposits, alluvium deposits, and volcanic deposits. Fossil Fuels Maui Has Begun the Process of Managed Retreat. RELATED PUBLICATION: Hawaiʻi Sea Level Rise Vulnerability and Adaptation Report. C؈��)*)����4/>\^o�T�TW��.eJ��y*���z��?��. The boundaries depicted here are not official and for presentation purposes only. SUGGESTED DATA CITATION: NOAA Office for Coastal Management. Volcanic and marine limestone deposits may be more resistant to coastal erosion. For the islands of Hawaiʻi, Lānaʻi, and Molokaʻi, the potential economic loss was based solely on passive flooding. Data used in modeling passive flooding include the GMSL rise projections discussed above in Sea Level Rise Projections for Modeling, digital elevation models (DEM), and the mean higher high water (MHHW) datum from local tide gauges. Zone AO is the flood insurance rate zone that corresponds to the areas of 100-year shallow flooding (usually sheet flow on sloping terrain) where average depths are between 1 and 3 feet. The projected 3.2 feet of sea-level rise by 2100 could submerge or destroy 300 structures, 11 miles of coastal highway, 3,130 acres; cause $3.2 billion in economic losses on Maui… A determination of the official State Land Use District Boundaries should be obtained directly through the State Land Use Commission (LUC). Those maximum values for each sector are then summed to determine the total economic loss to property in each grid. 0.6–1.07 meters (1.97–3.51 feet) for low emissions, 2.3–5.4 meters (10.5–17.72 feet) for high emissions. Sea Level Rise – Flooded Highways. Other base maps and overlays to support vulnerability assessment and adaptation planning include passive flooding with 6 feet of sea level rise from NOAA, a 1%-Annual-Chance Coastal Flood Zone with 3.2 feet of Sea Level Rise (1%CFZ-3.2) from the 2018 Hawaiʻi. 2021. The hazard and vulnerability data and maps provided herein are based on observational data and computer-based models as described in the Report and in published research (Anderson et al., 2018). http://planning.hawaii.gov/gis/download-gis-data/. 2018. http://planning.hawaii.gov/gis/download-gis-data/. JavaScript must be enabled in order for you to use the PacIOOS website. This modeling can highlight areas of greater risk of being damaged by storm surge and inform land use planning and the development of hazard mitigation projects to address event-based coastal flooding that would have less frequent but more extensive flooding impacts than depicted by the SLR-XA. endobj In addition, modeling did not account for: *Where a beach was lost to erosion fronting coastal armoring, historical shoreline change rates used in the coastal erosion model were calculated using historical shoreline positions up to and including the first shoreline indicating no beach. The loss of both public infrastructure and environmental assets from flooding would result in significant economic loss. Accessed [date]. "I am proposing a Department of Agriculture for Maui County." Schematic diagram showing passive marine and groundwater flooding from current sea level (blue) to future sea level (red) (adapted from Rotzoll and Fletcher 2012). Accessed [date]. 1 0 obj This layer is adapted from the Gridded USDA-NRCS Soil Survey Geographic (gSSURGO) database. Historical data used to model annual high wave flooding include hourly measurements of significant wave height, peak wave period, and peak wave direction, and was acquired from offshore wave buoy data from PacIOOS. https://coast.noaa.gov/slr/. Although not survey grade, and not checked for legal validity, the boundaries correspond to 19th-century survey maps. TAG: sea level rise maui. Beaches exist in a delicate balance between existing water levels, wave energy, and sand supply. RELATED PUBLICATION: Hawaiʻi Sea Level Rise Vulnerability and Adaptation Report. Not all hazards were modeled for each island due to limited historical information and geospatial data. Historic land divisions. Coastal hazard exposure areas with sea level rise including passive flooding (still water high tide flooding), annual high wave flooding (over wash during the largest wave events of the year), and coastal erosion. West Maui has been heavily impacted in recent years, Owens said, though sea level rise is a primary factor in changing and degrading most of Hawaii’s shorelines. The vegetation line was identified in the most recent aerial photography dating from 2006 to 2008. The State of Hawaiʻi 2018 Hazard Mitigation Plan (HMP) incorporated the results of modeling and an assessment of vulnerability to coastal flooding from storm-induced wave events with sea level rise (Tetra Tech Inc., 2018). Hazus is a nationally applicable standardized methodology that contains models for estimating potential losses from earthquakes, floods, tsunamis, and hurricanes. http://planning.hawaii.gov/gis/download-gis-data/. Schematic diagram of the SLR-XA as the combined exposure to sea level rise from passive flooding, annual high wave flooding, and coastal erosion. 2.0 ft Areas that are hydrologically connected to the ocean are shown in shades of blue (darker blue = greater depth). Zone A is the flood insurance rate zone that corresponds to the 100-year floodplains that are determined in the Flood Insurance Studies (FIS) by approximate methods. Maximum surface elevation and depth of the annual high wave flooding is calculated from the mean of the five highest modeled water elevations at each model location along each profile. The policy recognises the need to address some of the big problems that face our marine environment, in New Zealand and globally but it needs to be backed-up by action beyond the campaigning period with key time-frames and deliverables. Data access: Shapefile , ArcGIS REST (layer: “State Land Use Districts”), WMS (layer: “16”), WFS, metadata. Data source: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Map of the State of Hawaiʻi (Sherrod, et al. Modeling, using the best available data and methods, was conducted to determine the potential future exposure of each island to multiple coastal hazards as a result of sea level rise. Data access: Shapefile , ArcGIS REST (layer: “Soils (Areas) – NRCS”), WMS (layer: “4”), WFS, metadata. x��\[sܶ�~w��gNY\�A�ĥ*Y��٪��S[g�GÓ�H!G�z��� H��x��G#h4�ލ��ݼ~�o��2I��پ~%EJ�KQdY"���_h�����nx�*w�����O+��q��_} 8�~���W�n&y�'YM�� �O+���VI%ñ�J�u�f���y�&)��T^�n*%�̄��iѷ�_���ā�)]&�0@�wE&���ـ?|i��J���;�^&d��:�����Z�d�2qӋ4Q�OD�DV�[A�����g�0�\�tլ���^ub�����=��Ɂ��z�������R"H�!�Bf�c�i�w�b��I僧��p�#��v�V��}���W��w��b��(W��h�-��r%�4�����'1��������ڃH}��P�����n��c�g������ �>��^O�K��(�"M http://planning.hawaii.gov/gis/download-gis-data/. Additional studies would be needed to add the annual high wave flooding for those areas. Community plans can provide an important existing framework for addressing sea level rise vulnerability because the plans provide recommendations concerning land use, density and design, transportation, community facilities, infrastructure, visitor accommodations, commercial and residential areas and other matters related to development that are specific to the region of the plan. Sea Level Rise – Annual High Wave Flooding. Moku Boundaries (Historic Land Divisions). %PDF-1.5 Data provided by PacIOOS (www.pacioos.org), which is a part of the U.S. The Viewer was developed by the Pacific Islands Ocean Observing System (PacIOOS) at the University of Hawaiʻi School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (UH SOEST) through a collaborative project led by the University of Hawaiʻi Sea Grant College Program (Hawaiʻi Sea Grant) in partnership with DLNR and the State of Hawaiʻi Office of Planning. A sea level rise projection of 6 feet above a local mean higher high water (MHHW) datum is used in modeling. Accessed [date]. Sea Level Rise Inundation Risk for Honolulu is an interactive mapping tool to show potential impacts of flood hazards, hurricane storm surge inundation, and tsunami run-up inundation under a one meter sea level rise scenario and under current conditions. SUGGESTED DATA CITATION: Tetra Tech, Inc. and University of Hawaiʻi Coastal Geology Group. Existing seawalls or other coastal armoring in the backshore*; Increasing wave energy across the fringing reef with sea level rise; Possible changes in reef accretion and nearshore sediment processes with sea level rise; and. DISCLAIMER (updated November 27, 2018): Based on the methodology of sea level rise modeling used in the Hawaiʻi Sea Level Rise Vulnerability and Adaptation Report (Report) and the Hawaiʻi Sea Level Rise Viewer (Viewer), having gone through peer review and publication in the Nature journal Scientific Reports, the results of this study are sufficiently validated to be appropriately used in land management decisions as the best available information as of the date of publication of the Report, December 2017, consistent with the intent of Act 83 SLH 2014 as amended. The IPCC AR5 RCP8.5 sea level rise scenario was used in modeling exposure to passive flooding from sea level rise at 0.5, 1.1, 2.0, and 3.2 feet. Annual high wave flooding was not available for the islands of Hawaiʻi, Molokaʻi, and Lānaʻi, nor for some harbors or other back-bay areas throughout all the islands. Data access: Shapefile , ArcGIS REST (layer: “SLR Potential Economic Loss – 3.2 Ft. Scenario“), WMS (layer: “6“), WFS, metadata. Pursuant to Hawaiʻi Revised Statutes §205, all lands in the State of Hawaiʻi are classified and placed into four land use districts: Urban, Rural, Agricultural, and Conservation. SUGGESTED DATA CITATION: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2018. State of Hawaiʻi Sea Level Rise Viewer. 2012). Data source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Additional studies would be needed to add the annual high wave flooding and coastal erosion to the SLR-XA for those islands. These are then further divided into ahupuaʻa, usually extending from the uplands to the sea. Flooding in the SLR-XA is associated with long-term, chronic hazards punctuated by annual or more frequent flooding events. Exposure was not modeled for less-erodible rocky coasts and bluffs, though the latter can be prone to sudden failure in some areas. A schematic of key inputs and outputs of modeling the 1%CFZ-3.2 is shown in Figure 9. 2018 and combine historical shoreline change data with a model of beach profile response to sea level rise in order to estimate probabilities of future exposure to erosion at transects (shore-perpendicular measurement locations) spaced approximately 20 meters apart along the shoreline. The FIRMS are used by the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) for floodplain management, mitigation, and insurance purposes. SUGGESTED DATA CITATION: Tetra Tech, Inc. 2017. This is because the seaward edge of the 2017 data is defined by a Special Management Area shoreline boundary, whereas the seaward edge of the updated 2020 data is defined by the location of a vegetation line. It Wants Big Oil to Pay the Cost of Sea Level Rise. Schematic diagram showing key inputs and outputs of modeling the 1%-annual-chance coastal flood zone. <> For this reason, coastal erosion and annual high wave flooding are also modeled to provide a more comprehensive picture of the extent of hazard exposure with sea level rise. … SUGGESTED CITATION: Hawaiʻi Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Commission. A less hectic lifestyle, beautiful natural surroundings, and perfect year-long weather is a luxury that many would like to … Output from the simulations is interpolated between transects and compiled in a 5-meter map grid. Please see the NOAA Sea Level Rise Viewer for more detailed information. Released November 23, 2020. The SLR-XA for the islands of Hawaiʻi, Molokaʻi, and Lānaʻi is based on modeling passive flooding only. Scenario, SLR Potential Flooded Highways – 3.2 Ft. This Report is intended to provide a state-wide assessment of Hawaiʻi’s vulnerability to sea level rise. The passive flooding area with 6 feet of sea level rise comes from the NOAA Sea Level Viewer. Modeling was conducted by Sobis, Inc. under State of Hawaiʻi Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR) Contract No. In addition, mapping errors may be found in some areas due to clipping (subsetting) of the original map layers using a shoreline (Special Management Area) boundary (see Figure 5, above). The most recent projections of global mean sea level rise are published in the 2019 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate (SROCC) (Oppenheimer et al., 2019) where it was found that: The SROCC also projects multi-meter sea level rise by 2300: Importantly, the SROCC acknowledges that processes controlling the timing of future ice-shelf loss and the extent of ice sheet instabilities, could increase Antarctica’s contribution to global mean sea level rise substantially higher than reported. Accessed [date]. Sea Level Rise – Passive Flooding. Three feet of sea level rise – which the range of predictions put together by Compact estimates is likely to happen within the next 60 years – will flood Trump’s Mar-a … The area flooded was derived by subtracting a tidal surface model from the DEM. Released December 22, 2017. Accessed [date]. Gridded Soil Survey Geographic (gSSURGO) Database. The modeling does not account for future (unknown) land use changes, including any adaptation measures. Guidance for integrating the sea level rise map data in planning and permitting is available at the Hawaiʻi Climate Change Portal. Historical data used to model the 1%CFZ-3.2 were based on the current Flood Insurance Study (FIS) for each island conducted by the FEMA NFIP. SUGGESTED DATA CITATION: Federal Emergency Management Agency and Hawaiʻi Statewide GIS Program. Please visit again from a laptop or desktop computer to enable the application. DEMs used in this study are freely available from NOAA and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). 4 0 obj These are then further divided into ahupuaʻa (see below). The RCP8.5 scenario was used to model exposure to sea level rise of 0.5, 1.1, 2.0, and 3.2 feet. We are asking our federal leaders to ban offshore oil drilling, support sea level rise planning, and to preserve blue carbon ecosystems which help store harmful greenhouse gases. Key assumptions of the economic analysis for the SLR-XA included: (a) loss is permanent; (b) economic loss is based on the value in U.S. dollars in 2016 as property values in the future are unknown; (c) economic loss is based on the value of the land and structures exposed to flooding in the SLR-XA excluding the contents of the property and does not include the economic loss or cost to replace roads, water conveyance systems and other critical infrastructure; and (d) no adaptation measures are put in place that could reduce impacts in the SLR-XA. The orthography of each name was researched, including spelling and diacriticals marks. The coastal erosion exposure model is depicted as lines in the Viewer. The geology map layer serves as a useful guide to understanding the physical setting of coastal areas around the State and how these areas may be affected by increased flooding and erosion with sea level rise. The footprint of these three hazards were combined to define the projected extent of chronic flooding due to sea level rise, called the sea level rise exposure area (SLR-XA, Figure 4). Assumptions and Limitations: Annual high wave flood modeling covered wave-exposed coasts with low-lying development on Maui, Oʻahu, and Kauaʻi.
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